INTRODUCTION TO LAW OF FINANCIAL SERVICES Essay

presentation TO LAW OF FINANCIAL SERVICES - Essay Examplerittenden (1968), it was held that a person who advertised a red cent for sale in a magazine was guilty of offering the bird for sale, an offence under the defense of birds Act 1954, because the advertisements was not an offer but an invitation to treat. Also displaying goods in a shop window or on a supermarket shelf is an invitation to treat as held in Fisher v Bell (1960) where a shopkeeper was found not guilty of the offence of offering an offensive weapon for sale by just displaying a flick knife in a shop window. (Emanuel, 2004)However, if there is a defined agreement to be bound, an advertisement is an offer. In Carlil V. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co, the case contained a definite ring to be bound if certain conditions were performed. The dependants were the makers of patent medics called a green goddess ball which they claimed could remediation and prevent a number of illnesses including flu. They promised a reward of 100 to anyone who used to smoke ball as directed and caught influenza and said that to show their good faith, they had put 1000 into bank to pay any claims. Mrs. Carl used to smoke ball as directed and caught influenza but they refused to pay to reward claiming. Among other arguments that there was no contract because it was impossible to have a contract with the whole world. It was held that though one cannot contract with everyone- the spotless world, such was an offer mad to the entire world and it could ripen into a contract with anybody who could cure forward and perform to condition.On that basis, most websites seem to be making advertisement e.g. in this case, the partnership had the rare French cuisine cookery books at a price significantly lower than the counterweight of the market. However, because it contained terms and conditions for delivery and other details, the advertisement ceases to be an invitation to treat and is an offer, i.e. there is a definite promise to be bound if certain conditions were performed. It is an offer made to the

Value of Concept of Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Value of imagination of Innovation - Essay ExampleValue innovation aims at seeking new and completely polar value curves. High growth companies employ an approach that offers unknown value and compete by summoning the existing conditions. For this reasons they achieve sustained risque growth in both revenues and profits. On the other hand, the less(prenominal) successful companies take a conventional approach, that is, they strategically work towards beating their competitors. In making their competitors irrelevant, the high growth companies employ a strategic logic referred to as value innovation (Kim, 2014). Discovery of cloak-and-dagger demand and creation of new demands are problems that value innovations redefine.The business mock up canvas aids an nerve in carrying out structured, solid and strategic conversations surrounding new and existing businesses. Global companies employ the canvas in the management of strategy or in creating new growth engines (Verstraete, 2011). For businesses that are starting up, the model is used in search of an appropriate business model. The business canvas model aims at fortune an organization move beyond product based thinking and towards thinking based on a business model.In a bid to explain the value of the business model in discussion, Nespresso a daughter company of Nestle shall be of reference. The company utilizes the bill in their regular planning and cycles of development. It is a company affiliated with the food and beverages industry. The business canvas model is used in the creation of a blueprint of their strategy. The model provides clarity in the foundation and direction for the impending conversation. Still on strategizing, the tool is utilized for strategic planning per business unit because it provides the organization with general information on the bring forward of the business units. The business canvas model works as a common language across the units of the business and provides the

Role of Human Resources in Managing Change Essay

Role of Human Resources in Managing Change - Essay ExampleRegulations by the administration are another major cause of organizational convince. When the government imposes new regulations, it may have an adjoin on the operations of a company. For example, the government could enforce new procedures for safety in factories, forcing the organization to qualify their process of production to comply with the new regulations (Change Management acquire Centre 1996). Another example of a regulation that may warrant transformation is if the government mandates organizations dealing in consumer goods to enforce more measures for lumber control of the consumers safety. These sorts warrant a transformation in the modes of operation in the organization. Another cause of rotation in the organization is increased competition. New entrants into the market could, for example, create an influx of competition, causing pre-existing organizations to pass change in their marketing strategies (Ki m & Hong 2006). An example of this is when, say a big retail store opens in an area where a clear one has existed primarily over a long period the small store could change their marketing strategies. This, the store owners have to do in a way that increases the charm to customers over the newly opened store. The final cause of change is the desire of an organization to grow. Stagnation is a cause of concern in any parentage or company, and could be detrimental to any positive progress by the company. Therefore, organizations that wish to grow have to change their operation tactics (Change Management Learning Centre 1996 Steir 1999). One of the ways in which this is achieved is through franchising the organization operations to...This paper discusses the role of tender resources in organizational change. The discussion will look at the possible catalysts for change in the organization, safeguard to the change from within the organization, and finally the part that the HR plays i n the implementation of changes. The world today has created a situation whereby, the systems that govern the operations of organizations are constantly changing. As productivity increases, there has been an evolution in the world of technology, sometimes creating the need for organizations to adjust and adopt the use of certain kinds of technology to avoid dawdle behind. With a constantly evolving society and fluctuating demand for products and services, whether new or pre-existing, it is mandatory that organizations change their mode of operation if they are to remain competitive. It is survival for the fittest, as the organizations that remain most dynamic and receptive to change are the ones that continue to flourish in the market. Several factors may lead to a situation where the business re-evaluates its dealings. The first factor that acts as a catalyst for change in the organization is the change in, or introduction of, new and efficient technology. As productivity increase s, there has been an evolution in the world of technology, sometimes creating the need for organizations to adjust and adopt the use of certain kinds of technology to avoid lagging behind. The process of change occurs in several manageable stages, in which incorporating the HR save the top management great deals of surprise and resistance.

Decarts and existence of evil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Decarts and cosmea of evil - Essay ExampleHis argument hinges on the fact that companionship of matinee idol is anchored on a manifest idea on the existence of a supreme being (Marion, 2008). There must be the existence of an idea first before a given claim can be verified. For Descartes, this perspicuous idea resided in his mind. It is this idea that gave him the essence of God as a devine. It is an idea that could non be verified through empirical methods. The existence of an demonic demigod, in line with the thinking of Descartes, can only obtain if it is backed by a distinct idea.There must first exist the essence of the Evil Demon that is crystallized into Descartes mind in order for him to make a claim about the existence of such a being. One of the arguments upheld by Descartes is that essence implies existence. It would follow logically that the absence of essence effectively negates all possibilities of existence. Without the essence of the Evil Demon in distinct for m it would be pointless to assert any claim of such an existence. Therefore, this would flirt with that Descartes could claim the existence of God but refrain from making any suggestions on whether or not some Evil Demon actually exists (Marion, 2008).. Proof of such existence could be gained from other arguments, or by using some logical claims outside the boundaries established by Descartes methods.Descartes knowledge of God was found on the theory of natural/extant ideas. He believed that it is possible for things to exist without their very nature of existence being verified by a form of proof. According to Descartes, the mind can generate knowledge of its own through the power of logic. The practice of intuition basically demands aligning the mind to the essence of ideas without establishing the raise of experience or other methods that would be preferred by logicians to prove such facts. The existence of God, gibe to Descartes, is a giftIn this way, the knowledge of such m ust be based on distinct

At WebAd Solutions, we are committed to ensuring the validity of our Essay

At WebAd Solutions, we atomic number 18 committed to ensuring the validity of our Cost-Per- firedog Network - Essay ExampleFrom software to our sophisticated staff, our conclusion has become to hold back every click is legitimate. Our staff, software, and products weed out fraudulent or generated clicks. This saves customers silver by only having them have for legitimate clicks. In order to stop fraudulent or generated clicks, WebAd Solution believes communication with the client is essential.Click fraud has increased over the past year. Whether intentionally directed at one advertiser or hitbots that target all PPCs, fraudulent clicks hurt advertisers. Thus individuals become wary about using PPCs and chase Marketing. If used correctly PPCs and Search Marketing can reach millions of Internet surfers. However, when competitors or hitbots misuse the system, this means of advertising becomes increasingly distrusted. Companies do not want to spend money on clicks that are not bein g seen by consumers.Advertisers can protect themselves from click fraud by succeeding(a) a few simple rules. The first rule is to communicate frequently with their PPC provider. Secondly, clients can used WebAds tools to help protect against fraudulent clicks. WebAd provides Click Observer, which helps the advertiser observe traffic sources, time spent, number of visits, and so forth. This allows the client to observe suspicious clicks that get past WebAds software or employees, which in tip over can be reported to WebAd. Finally, research into WebAds resources can help an advertiser save money on illegitimate clicks.WebAd Solutions want their clients to feel comfortable that the visitors to their websites are from legitimate interest, not false clicks. Our goal is to give the client the advertising that is paid for. Despite the negative impacts of click fraud on PPC Advertisers and Search Marketing, WebAd Solutions strive to inspire confidence in our services. By using Click Obse rver from WebAd,

Commentary (Economics HL) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Commentary (Economics HL) - Essay ExampleSustainable function is what we deal with in this root through an article.The selected article, Towards Sustainable Household Consumption? published by OECD in 2002 deals with the issue of sustainable custom in OECD countries. It basically explains the trends and patterns of rest home consumption in OECD countries, the driving forces behind those trends and patterns, environmental impacts of household consumption patterns, different kinds of policies that could be taken for achieving sustainable consumption in OECD countries.For the current purpose, the focus is being place on that portion of the article where it precisely explains the observable trends and patterns in the household consumption level in OECD countries, the driving forces or factors that shape those trends and patterns in the consumption level. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of household consumption patterns, specially for the consumption of food, tourism r elated travel, energy, and water in OECD countries. As discussed in the article, there has been a steady increase in per capita private consumption over the last few decades, particularly in 1980s, and 1990s as suggested by the article. The per capita private consumption level has also been projected to discover the same trend up to 2020. As far as transport is considered, total motor fomite stocks, motor vehicle kilometers, total global air traveling has all experienced evidential offshoot and are projected to grow by huge amount in coming years. In baptismal font of food consumption, the choice of diet and food habits have been going through various changes, e.g. there has been a shift towards consumption of more and more packaged and processed food. The OECD countries have also experienced significant increase in the use of energy. As shown in the article, in the period of 1973- 1995, the

Endangered African Wildlife Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Endangered African Wildlife - Research Paper physical exertionThere argon so many factors that are causing wildlife quenching in the African continent. quick human population growth, unsustainable use of wildlife resources, lack of local support for conservation policies, inadequate goernment cash allocation for enforcement policies against illegal activities, commercialization, and so on are few of the reasons that are endangering African wildlife. So, the central termination of endangerment of wildlife species in the African environment and its causal factors is discussed. Furthermore, the impacts of habitat loss, over-exploitation, and poaching of the imperil species along with its conservation measures are also analyzed.Africa is a continent rich in biodiversity because it harbors thousands of species of flora and fauna. Africa is home to some one suck of the worlds 4,700 mammal species, including 79 species of antelope. It also has more than 2,000 species of birds one fi fth of the worlds total and at least 2,000 species of fish, alongside 950 amphibian species.1 The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has over 2 million km of protected eco-regions mainly for their biodiversity values. These eco-regions complicate the Savannah habitats, Ethiopian montane forests, Hesperian Guinean lowland forests, the succulent Karoo and Bioko area. According to the Red List categorization of IUCN, some of the endangered species of Africa include the Giant Golden Mole, white-tailed Rat, Riverine Rabbit, African Wild Dog, and Mountain Zebra. Threats of wildlife species extinction continue to increase, despite global measures to mow the impact of the external pressures. It is estimated that among the 44,838 species included in the 2008 IUCN Red List database, about 17,000 (38%) are threatened with extinction.2 Killing and exploitation of these wildlife species and importantly habitat loss are the major reasons for the increase in endangered s pecies count. The

Low carbon building portfolio (Briefing Reports) Assignment

Low carbon twist portfolio (Briefing Reports) - Assignment ExampleThe BEEAM calculator method defines the type of building and differences in range of water supply consume activities of various components within a building. The other methods that are used are standard Wat 01 method, and alternative Wat 01 technique (Srinivasan, Ling, & Mori 2011).Using the Wat 01 calculator, domestic water rate of consumption of components is calculated and baseline performance compared, indicate ability of baths, dishwashers, urinals, and showers, specify rain water systems, and finally, specify water consumption rate in liters.When the building populate areas are provided with water, then sanitary components must be specifies. Alternatively, the level of performance can be intractable by use of fittings that are compliant with the baseline level of the BREEAM (Williams 2010).Wat 02 method is used where water is supplied from cliquish sources or boreholes. Areas of the building that consume 10% of water are fitted with meters that provide instantaneous readings, have connections to BMS, and monitoring device the rate of water consumption. Each of the meters gives a reading based on the consumption level and separately pulse water meters is connected to the BMS when the building is managed by the owner. There is no need for sub-meters especially where thither are no monitoring benefits and there is no need to install a meter where mere(a) calculations are required to determine the usage of water for a function (Michaelowa 2012).Provide a effluence prevention and detection system to detect water leaks on the water supply system. It is activated when water passes through the water system and identifies the changes in flow. The following flow control devices may be used, thus, epoch controller, programmed time controller, volume controller, and central control unit. Constant water supply is required and in circumstance of emergencies, the water supply should be const ant and should not be shut down and it may be necessary for the operation of other systems within the

The mismatch between home values and school values Research Paper

The mismatch between home values and school values - Research stem ExampleThey fail to have plans as they are concerned with the present life, and this is helpful in explaining the problems much(prenominal) as do drugs taking that are on the rise among adolescents.The adolescence stage comes with it different problems which need to be tackled by the concerned stakeholders, mainly the teachers and parents, to prevent losing children who succumb into these problems. The emotional development that schoolgirlish people go through is mostly linked to these problems. When a boylike person gets to the adolescence stage, he or she develops the urge of deficient to be independent. This need of independence makes them create a distance between them and their parents (Janet 2014). The different myriad forms that young people go as they search for independence include having less overt affection, pushing things to the limit, beingness adventurous, and spending quite a good amount of time w ith friends.One major problem confront by adolescents is engaging in sexual activities that result into teenage pregnancies and the spread of diseases like HIV. Most young people engage in sexual activities due to pressure from their peers and engage in the taking of drug substances like alcohol. Schools teach students to be responsible for their actions and avoid misleading peers. Teachers encourage students to open up to them when set about with difficult circumstances as they are there non only to educate them but in addition advice them. In the home environment, these kids find themselves in situations where it is even difficult to communicate their problems with their parents. This is caused by the notion they discharge that they are growing up or rather they are grown up and do not require any assistance from their parents (Maria 2013). Most parents are ever conflicting with their children, and this makes it hard for such children secernate them things, which are disturbi ng them.

UAE Women leaders and Professional career development Research Proposal

UAE Women leadership and Professional career development - Research Proposal ExampleHence they will be having a real tool to develop themselves and they might achieve a successful career progression to commit a higher position in the existing workforce.The Inductive approach will be utilise in this look which is part of the Subjectivism question approach as the investigations will depend on expression theory through small sample of people perceptions regarding the situation that will be discussed to understand the populace of the study and to get their feelings well-nigh what is going on in order to identify better the disposition of the problem and analysing those entropy. The results will give some solutions for the study along with evidences that will provide a make it picture for the target people to accomplish their goals.The research design that is selected for the study is an exploratory research design, in order to understanding the things deeply. As explained by Z echmeister et al., (1997) survey research represents a general approach to be apply when the research design is implemented. Survey research is the method of gathering data from respondents thought to be representative of some population using an instrument composed of close structure or unrestricted items (questions). It is one of the most dominant forms of data collection in the social sciences providing for efficient collection of data over broad populations, amenable to self-administration, administration in person, by telephone, via mail and over the internet. The primary data is to be stash away by conducting field research that involves face to face interviews, surveys, questionnaires and focused group interviews. primary quill research involves the usage of primary data for the collection of data. Primary data are that information that is collected for the first time. The primary research will be especially useful since it will provide a guideline to the most current dat a available on this topic from UAE National women who are about to reach either supervisory or managerial positions and also from female who are about to submit the workforce. This will help to give an idea about what challenges they face and how they feel they will compare themselves with foreigners in the workplace. There are many advantages that have been identified in the use of the survey method. According to Babbie (2001), these advantages embarrass 1. One can collect a large amount of adapt in a jolly short time.2. Surveys are easier and less expensive than other forms of data collection.3. Questionnaire can be used to research almost any aspect of human perceptions regarding the variables under study. 4. They can be easily used on field settings.The secondary research method will include gathering data on the humble from different newspapers, magazines, online articles, press releases, academic journals, textbooks and other library books. Combining the knowledge gained fr om all these sources and both research methods will provide a lot of detail about the topic that can be used to develop suitable conclusions and

Lending Situation paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lending Situation - Term newspaper ExampleAs it looks, the family is currently struggling in the market since the margins reflected in the last financial records show that it made a profit of only $275,000 the previous year. It is even more worrying to picture that there was a drop in the companys revenues from the previous year (6,150,000 to 5,200,000) an indication that the companys revenues have been declining over the years. It is also clear that this decline is majorly attributed to the fact that the company is still run on the traditional old ways of print media while the current world is shifting to the digital media. Indications are that the company is competing with other major producers which make pass the company a stiff competition in the market.For the construction of the new plant to take place, it get out need a duration of 12 months to be completed which is a long time since during this period there will be no ontogenesis in production and the company will the refore have to rely only on the already depreciating revenues from the old press.On the positive end, Mr. Harveys plan seems to be a comfortably conceit out investment to salvage the company from declining it is a promising kind of investment since this is where the market trim back is heading to. With the establishment of the new plant, he will be able to maintain and even change magnitude companys market share. This will tremendously increase the revenue base of the company.The company is well located in the suburbs where there is availability of labour required in the plant. An area of 150 miles is a large area dominated by the company and focusing on this market will give the company good revenue. It is also important to note that Mr. Harvey is not abandoning the printing altogether because there will always be a need for print media even with the shift in technology. This will turn in continuous income to the company. As pointed out by Ahlers, print media in the form of bo oks, magazines, newspapers will

Social Implications of the Computer Revolution Research Proposal

Social Implications of the Computer diversity - Research Proposal ExampleGuglielmo analyze in Italy in the lab of Augusto Righi. He in any case studied in Florence and at a later part in his life in Livorno. Guglielmo never did salubrious as far as his studies were concerned. He was a member of the Anglican Church and he was Catholic who was baptized. Guglielmo was involved in a scandal called the Italian Navy Coherer Scandal it is believed that he stole the puzzle out of Jagadish Chandra Bose an Indian who is in truth renowned for his contribution in the field of Science. This happened because Jagadish Chandra Boses work could not be accepted because of the British rule, the British Administration made sure that his work never got published and it is truly strongly believed that Guglielmo stole the work of Jagdish and came to the limelight. Guglielmo had a keen interest in Science and especially in Electricity right from the early years. During the time of Guglielmo, the invent ion of the electromagnetic waves took place and this was invented by Heinrich round. The death of Hertz threw more light upon his disc everyplaceies this further intrigued Guglielmo, Guglielmo got very motivated and decided to invent something unseen by the world. He conducted experiments by setting up his own devices and material required to carry out the experiment. His main destination was to use radio waves to create wireless telegraphy. This meant that the transmission system of the wireless mess epochs got across without using any wires. The growing of the Invention This was not a new subject Guglielmo was working on, research had been already done on this subject, and he just utilized whatever was researched about the subject. Guglielmo used many important parts in this experiment, parts like oscillator, spark-producing radio transmitters, a telegraph key were used in his experiments. Other researchers as well used the spark- Gap transmitters but they could not get the t ransmission to cover a long range, the transmission usually covered a few hundred meters. The case was no different for Guglielmo he also got limited transmission when he first attempted the experiment. But at a later be he experimented outdoors, he increased the length of the transmitter and the radio antenna this resulted in a very big success. The transmission improved drastically and he was able to transmit signals with a range of round about 1.5 kilometers. He concluded that the required funding to invent a device which could take this forward. He believed that this experiment will be very useful if it becomes an invention to the military personnels as they would be able to transmit signals easily. When he was close to inventing what he dreamt of all his life, he realized that Italy was not the right place to be in. He moved to London along with his Mother at the age of 21 to pursue the invention. 1897 was the year when Guglielmo move the first ever wireless communication an d this was done over Sea. The approximate distance covered by the signal was about 6 kilometers the message which he sent read Are you ready. This was a good enough invention to receive international assistance this work quickly caught the eye of the international people associated with the same field. Marconi sailed to the United States at the invitation of the New York bode newspaper to cover the Americas Cup races off Sandy Hook, NJ.

Homeland Security Strategies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

country of origin security Strategies - Research Paper ExampleIntroduction The get together States of America section of native land Security has been tasked with ensuring the security of the American citizens and their property. One might argue that the division is only tasked with counter terrorism measures scarcely this is wrong. The department of Homeland Security is mandated by an act of Congress to ensure that the join States of America is true(p) domestically. The fact that terrorism is the major(ip) threat facing not only the United States domestic security, precisely even that of all other countries in the world, results in the notion among many people that the incision of Homeland Security is only in charge of fighting terrorism. However, the Department of Homeland Security is tasked with quin major responsibilities. They include protecting citizens of the United States of America from terrorist threats, securing of the United States of America Borders, facilit ating legal migration and cracking down on illegal immigration, developing an urgent sense of readiness, and finally unification and maturation of the Department (Haulley, 2005). When one considers the five responsibilities then it is safe to conclude that the department of Homeland security is not only tasked with preventing terror attacks moreover also other threats such as natural disasters. This paper will discuss the different strategies that the Department of Homeland Security employs to ensure that it is successful in executing its duties. care One system that the Department of Homeland Security has used profoundly is superintendence. This is where the department uses agencies such as the national Security agency (NSA) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to gather intelligence both domestic and foreign that is viewed to be of issue security importance by the Department of Homeland Security. Surveillance techniques such as electronic surveillance have been widely used by the Department to follow and intercept conversations of those who are believed to pose a threat to the domestic security of the United of America. This strategy was rampantly used after the September eleventh attacks on the United States of America especially during the Bush administration. This is so since the administration allowed the department through the National Security Agency (NSA) to carry out electronic surveillance of terror suspects without the need of any warrant. This strategy can be considered as one of the strategies that have yielded a lot of positive results in the efforts of the Department of Homeland Security in securing the lives and property of Americans from terrorist attacks. For example, according to the director of National Security Agency (NSA), electronic surveillance efforts have resulted in the prevention of numerous terrorist attacks both abroad and domestic on United States of America citizens (Homeland Security News Wire, 2013). Another way that the Department of Homeland Security has employed Surveillance as a strategy of ensuring National Security is the use of Drones to spy on terrorist groups such as Al-Qaida that operate in foreign countries. Drones are unmanned airplanes that are used by the United States of America government to either spy or attack. These drones have been used to establish the activities of such terrorist groups. The Department of Homeland Security has also used satellites to perform surveillance on its

Triaxial undrained test Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Triaxial undrained test - Essay ExampleIn tress the values from this graph as well as the resulting Excel sheets were used to determine the maximum deviator stress for each sample low investigation. The maximum deviator stress and the relevant cell pressure for all three samples are shown in the display board below.The calculation was carried out relying on the test equipment that produced values for measured force using a dispatch cell calibration constant. The calibration constants for all three samples are presented in the table below.The highest value of turn stress was interpreted from this graph and the tables and was plotted in the form of Mohrs circles. Once the Mohrs circles were drawn, they were connected together using a common tangent. This tangent is critical to the calculations required as the y-intercept represents cohesion tour the inverse of the gradient of the tangent represents the internal friction angle of the dry land. The plot of Mohrs circles and the r esulting graph is shown below. exploitation the plot shown above the y-intercept and the angle that the tangent made with the level were calculated. The y-intercept was 306.68 while the angle of the tangent with the horizontal was 3.62 degrees.Once this was found, it was time to find out the void ratio and the degree of saturation. This was done with the help of the taken weights (which are shown in the table below for all samples) and with the use of the formulas shown after them.The results obtained from the Mohr plot indicate that the soil has a high cohesion (306.68 kN/m2) but a small angle of friction (15.81 degrees). In turn this can be used to surmise that the soil sample under investigation has relatively veracious shearing properties although it is prone to failure if the angle of repose is increased by a large amount. The other(a) thing to take note of is whether the soil sample under investigation has been packed

The Fast Food Industry in Houston, Texas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Fast Food Industry in Houston, Texas - look for ExampleIn 2010, Ibisworld report indicated that McDonalds smoke had a market share of 12.7 percent, Wendys had 6.6 percent, Starbucks Corporation had 5.9 percent, and Burgers King Corporation had 5.1 percent (Schlosser, 2012). This indicates that these four companies are the leading market players in Houstons truehearted food industry with McDonalds corporation being the market leader. Additionally, according, McDonalds share price is $90.79. In 2011, the companys profit rose to 19 percent that is equivalent to revenue of $6.91 billion. Wendys current-year income is project at $2.69 billion, and Jack in the Box earnings and revenue is projected at $2.16 billion and $1.53 a share (Schlosser, 2012). In spite of gloomy scotch condition, Houston fast food industry is experiencing robust sparing growth. Studies have predicted that the fast food market is expected to grow in the coming years, and will patsy the $179 Billion mark by 2013 (Schlosser, 2012). The fast food industry, like any other industry, also experiences the economic ups and downs. In addition, they provide products and services that many other businesses depend on. Various business trends such as social and financial markets significantly affect the economic status of fast food market. Some of the learn factors that affect the demand and supply of fast food include health, supply, spending and financing. The impact of fast foods on health is one of the most significant challenges.

Lorenzo The Magnificent Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lorenzo The Magnificent - Research Paper ExampleI believe this to be a misadventure because of the military many works of art, sculpture and architecture that are being made during this period. Much of this beauty and exists because it was commissioned by the wealthy ruling families of Italy. People such as myself, Lorenzo Medici, commission artwork not only to promote culture and the arts in my city, but also to show off the genuine wealth my family commands. The types of works I commission demonstrate the recent advancements that have taken place in architecture and art as well as convey a sense of the impression I wish to make upon my neighbors and associates. Having been raised in a family already strongly committed to the arts, I fancy to one day be remembered as one of arts comelyst patrons but remain pretty fearful that it is other areas of my life history will focus upon.The physical world I knew period growing up went a long way toward fostering my love of the arts, but it also helped avatar my personality in other ways. In our Florentine society, it is necessary for princes who can afford it to build colossal residential palaces, villas, fortresses, governmental buildings, churches and convents that we can then fill with statuary, paintings, sculptures, brilliantly performed original pieces of music and other fine works of art. This is how we demonstrate our status in our very class-conscious society. Art historians bury the why and and so the sociology by their excessive emphasis on questions of form and style. Most of the great building projects of the Italian reincarnation had behind them the urge to exhibit now to exhibit an identity, to show the power or piety of the man and his family dynasty, and to carve out a space in the city that would belong to that name, that individual and dynasty, for all clock (Martines, 1979 236). These sentiments applied equally to other commissioned works of art as well. At three stories tall, the fam ilys Medici Palace in

Adolf Loos Design Culture Essay Example for Free

Adolf Loos Design Culture hearThere are, or were, better arguments than Looss against the misuse of ornament. It could be considered morally dubious, because it is a means of demonstrate off ones wealth. That historical argument was made in the days when hand-crafted threads were very expensive, but it no longer applicable, now that ornament evict be machine-made at a modest cost. In any case, good medal has never been valued solely as ostentation traditionally, it has also been seen to subscribe real artistic merit. Some eras, excessive ornamentation could be said to be unaesthetic and in my perspective, about extreme art creations fall into this error. cunning plays a particularly important and influential role in culture. It does non simply reflect culture it composes culture. By studying ornamentation in different periods of formula history, we can understand more about how it has manifested itself and why it is a vital part of our history. windowpane displays, if utilise effectively, can bring retailers new customers, create customer loyalty, and enhance the image of the business.By decorating and furnishing the display windows, retailers can attract more customers into their stores, increase the sales events and revenue, because the majority of purchase decisions are made on impulse. Window displays continue to have a massive influence even until now. It is one of the most important tools to slip away customers attention. Even from an economic perspective, ornamentation is not necessarily a waste of labour, money, and materials. The 19th century decidedly is the century of decorative arts. At the beginning of the century, the arts were ornamental subjects in the education of young ladies and gentlemen. nice accomplishments were displayed in pleasing social performances that appeared effortless but demonstrated good taste and ideal values, knowledge, and skills. Art education was one component of a process of secular refinement that spr ead from the wealthy to the slightly sort and included the beautification of houses, churches, as well as school buildings. The art of interior decoration and name was at the same time intimate and luxuriant. Loos argues that ornamentation is uncivilized and uninitiate, and would hinder the development of national culture.However, ornamentation meant more than on the button decoration at that time, and the acceptable use of ornament, and its precise definition became the source of aesthetic controversy in academic Western architecture, as architects and critics searched for appropriate styles. A plain, functional form chiefly signified the often harsh necessities of work, and as such was tolerated in its place, but art, in the form of decoration and ornament, represented for many people a deep aspiration for a better life (Heskett, 56). embroidery at that time brought not only the sense of beauty but also mentally kernel to its user. What do vehicles, vacuum cleaners, ironers, planes, and ships have in common? Obviously, the streamlined role. In the 20th century, streamlined inclination has evolved from a scientific to an ornamental purpose. While Loos argues that ornamentation is crime and externaliseers should focus on functions, streamlined visualize actually improves the functionality and the durability of a product.The goal for the future is to improve silken efficiency by greatly reducing drag while maintaining and, wherever possible, increasing down-force (Ferrari. com). As a result of using aerodynamic streamlined design, Ferrari has become one of the best hyper-sport car brands in the world for fifty years, best cognize for its speed and handling. In fact, Fordism turned the factory into a kind of super-machine in its own right, with both gentle and mechanical parts (Wollen, P66). Fordism is the economic period that turned craftsmanship into the mass production of standardized objects. below Fordism, production entailed an intensified div ision of industrial labor increased mechanization and the coordination of large-scale manufacturing processes to achieve a steady flow of production, and shifted toward the using of less skilled labour. This system effectively reduces the costs of producing large quantities of products and, consequently, makes the sale price significantly lower than the craftsmans. An ornament is not considered to be a prior-determined mask anymore, to create a significance, or, to have a certain meaning, as it was during the postmodern period.It does not have the role of conceal things, as it did in different historical periods before the modern period, when its existence was futile. A good fashion model of modern design is a wall clock. A clock is meant to draw our attentions through its function. With a hallucination design, it also serves as a decoration in the environment. But no matter how fancy the design is, a clock is always meant to be seen easily and quickly. Practical and ornamental d esigns oftentimes intersect. In those cases, the design elements involved can either work well together or hinder each other.Looss argument about decoration is degenerate and inherently criminal does not stand up. Given the time in he is writing, we can forgive Loss his racist assumptions about the black and the Papuans. However, his assertion that primitive people decorate themselves in tattoos so, therefore decoration must be a degenerate institutionalize is completely unfounded and holds no weight at all. I appreciate modern design just as much, if not more than the ordinary person, but truth be told, I am not really interested in decoration.

The ABCs of Aphorisms in Kindergarten Essay Example for Free

The ABCs of Aphorisms in Kindergarten EssayAn dictum is a short statement expressing a truth or clever observation. Benjamin Franklin and Robert Fulghum both employ aphorisms in things they have written. Ben Franklins Poor Richards Almanac uses aphorisms in a more true way. However, Robert Fulghum uses his aphorisms in a more metaphorical way. Although the two are different, both writers have the akin type of ideas on how to chastely live your life.Living a balanced life is an aphorism used by Franklin and Fulghum. Although used in different context and in a slightly different way, they mean the same thing no matter who uses it. In Fulghums aphorism he says, Live a balanced life. Learn some and echo some and paint and draw and sing and dance and play and work everyday some. Being simpler in his words yet not in his inwardness makes this an interesting aphorism. Also being a elfin more direct and straight to the point are Franklins words, Eat to live and not live to eat. In spite of the fact that Franklins definition may seem simpler, they are in fact saying the same thing only wording it differently. Both aphorisms mean that unmatched must balance themselves and that you must do everything in moderation and never to excess. Taking a slightly different approach, both men got in that respect message across in an clear and precise manner.A metaphor can be exposit as a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity. On the contrary, a literary term is one that can be described as very clear and one that expresses emphasis on a topic. Robert Fulghum being a more metaphorical writer, wrote his aphorisms in such a way that they seemed almost as well as simple to have a deeper meaning. However, that was quite the opposite. The aphorisms were meant to be that way they were supposed to have a deeper meaning that wasnt available to someone looking at the surface writ ing. While, in great contrast, Benjamin Franklin wrote his aphorisms with such literal depth that it shone right through his work. Every aphorism of his has a meaning inside of a meaning. incomplete of these flares were better, nor worse then the other, yet they both were productive ways of using aphorisms.Using both methods of likely writing, these two terrific men and writers are inspirational and influential in their examples of aphorisms. I personally, prefer Robert Fulghums style of writing to, Benjamin Franklins. I like looking into a statement and pulling it apart to ascend out what it is truly saying, and Fulghums writing exemplifies that quality in his aphorisms. I respect both styles of aphorism usage, and I think that both, literally and metaphorically, are equally interesting and are helpful incites to our lives. Aphorisms are a a great deal more appealing way to learn about how one views their life and how they view everyone elses life as well.

Binge Drinking Essay Example for Free

Binge Drinking EssayCurrently, binge intoxicantism has beseem a crucial issue in the UK, it causes more problems such as car accidents, underage drink, health. Drinking intoxi reart is an acceptable activity in a positive way such as population keep back their holiday or family day. However, it is not recom handsded binge tipsiness that means drink beverages over 8 units for men or 6 units for women regularly. (The Drinkaw atomic number 18 Trust, 2012) Therefore, government tries to reduce the harm of alcohol by introducing minimum cost of 40p per unit. ( BBC News, 2012) I suggest that the minimum price for alcohol is needed to be implemented because it can save lives, improve public health and pick up drinking in long-term. This essay allow for discuss that the priming coats why hoi polloi binge drinking, the offsprings of alcohol abuse and the pricing insurance policy of the government.Drinking is quite normal behaviour in the UK. For example, people usually work on weekdays, which they need to have leisure time to relax or go out with their friends, they might drink during this period. On the other hand, some people drink too practically alcohol when they spend time in club or city centre. And another issue with drinking alcohol is that there argon too many hazardous drinkers among the young generation in the UK. correspond to Mistral 2009, younger people has a high percentage increase in alcohol-related death at 57%. Furthermore, they drink more beverages than older people. (Mistral, 2009) There are many researchers suggest that binge drinking can be reduce by the pricing policy for alcohol. (Mistral, 2009)There are several causes of binge drinking. Firstly, just about people spend their weekend in a pub or city centre with friends because they do not essential to become a unsocial people, which means some of them went to the pub because peer wring not volunteer, especially among young people. As Szmigin et al. (2007) suggest t hat they would like build friendship through drinking alcohol. Then another reason that cause people nimiety drinking is drinking culture and history.It has become an essential part of Britons drinking habit since Vikings period. Traditional drinking behaviour is not the only reason that cause people to drink. Thirdly reason is that the majority of heavy drinkers want to find the self assumption and depression. (Institute of Alcohol Studies, 2010) For instance, students face hard work in school, people who live in a tremendous life condition or they want to reduce tension. Moreover, the supermarket always provides great price to drinkers such as buy one get one free by using advertisement, which is beneficial for moderate drinkers further not hazardous drinkers. Therefore, some people buy beverages because they are attracted by the low price.Turning to the consequence of heavy drinking, it causes many problems including physical and mental health problem. According to The Salvat ion Army 2000, there are two different types of physical including long and short-term risk of binge drinking. Keep abusing alcohol regularly for a long time can lead to brain damage, cancers or infertility. In comparison, drinking massive beverages in a short period might cause car accidents and violence. In addition, short-term nub of alcohol often involves some violence, crime and road traffic accidents amongst younger people. (Salvation Army, 2000) There are many young people and busy worker likely to spend their pubs or club which create excess violence at midnight. Therefore, people are afraid to go to town centre at night. look on this, there is a solution for this drinking issue that the UK government announced an alcohol price policy that is raising prices of 40p per unit in March, 2012. There are different argument from the cross-party group. They argue that minimum price for alcohol not really solve drinking problem because pricing policy just for the short-term influen ce not for the long-term phenomenon of binge drinking. (Triggle, 2012) Furthermore, it seems that this strategy quite unfair to the responsible drinkers who just want to have fun or relax in the local pub. (Woodhouse, 2012) On the other hand, Prime parson estimate that this alcohol pricing strategy can lower hospital admissions because hazardous drinkers will stop to get drunk to get drunk at night and also reduce the affordability of young people, which will save lives and improving public health.( BBC News, 2012)Prime Minister David Cameron claims that there were one gazillion violent crimes and 1.2 million hospital admissions associated with alcohol last year. Following this, he says that this pricing policy can reduce evil levels of alcohol and the cost of hospitalization. (BBC News, 2012) Many researchers suggest that the raising price of alcohol can lower the usage of wine, beer and spirits. In addition, there is a research shows that younger drinker, excess drinker and ha rmful drinker are likely to buy cheap alcohol item. (Mistral, 2009) Therefore, minimum price for alcohol is the best model in order to solving binge drinking issue in England.in conclusion, many reasons caused binge drinking such as peer pressure, self doubt. In particularly, this is general phenomenon among young people. There are capacious range evidence show that problem such as health, economic and young generation associated with alcohol misuse. Many researchers have focused on the relative between the pricing and the consumption of alcohol. (Mistral, 2009) There are many authors show that minimum price can reduce the consumption of wine, beer and spirit in all age, especially among younger drinkers and excess drinkers who likely choose low price alcohol product. Therefore, this study has distinctly illustrated the minimum price should be implemented.

Three arguments Essay Example for Free

Three arguments EssayWord critical argument analysis essay, focuses on three skipper essays and how these formers construct their arguments using opinion and evidence.There are many assorted ways in which authors elicit construct their arguments. In the highly controversial topic of goodizing marihuana I install three really different styles of arguments in which the authors backed up their opinions with facts. In my reading of these arguments each writer had there receive style. The first essay by Stephen B. Duke, hempen necktie Captiva Freeing the k straightledge domain from Marijuana Prohibition, the second Medical marihuana laws in 50 states Investigating the kindred between state legitimation of health check marijuana and marijuana use, abuse and dependence, and the third Poll Nationwide Marijuana Legalization Inevitable, each essay had a different way in proving there arguments. The authors all used the same tactics in persuading the audience. Arguing why mar ijuana should be legalized. In the first Essay written by Stephen B. Duke, Cannabis Captiva Freeing the World from Marijuana Prohibition, the author provides you with historical facts to back up his argument.He starts with how marijuana was used daily in certain cultures and goes through time showing that government abolishment is impossible. He states that government regulating the medicate is possible specifically if the ban is lifted. In this argument it shows that the abolishment of alcohol only brought violence, crime and guilty organizations. In this essay it states that in the United States, large criminal organizations maintained by violence and graft increasingly control the networks that distribute marijuana. By ultimately legalizing alcohol the government could control who it was sold to and the consumer could too rely on the quality of the liquor. By comparing marijuana with alcohol he argued that by abolishing marijuana only causes more problems and creates no way o f containment. If marijuana was legalized the government could create sanctions and put control in there hands, creating no need for organized crime. The author used facts in history to support his argument.In this essay, Medical marijuana laws in 50 states Investigating the relationship between state legalization of medical marijuana and marijuana use, abuse and dependence, the authors took a survey taken by individuals who lived in states where marijuana was legal and residents of states where marijuana was illegal. Cerda (2011) We combined abuse and dependence into one outcome, since empirical findings indicate that it better captures the underlying preponderance of cannabis use disorders than dependence or abuse alone. While substance use disorders were originally conceived as a bi-axial syndrome with dependence capturing more physiologic dimensions of addiction and abuse capturing more behavioral consequences, there is now substantial evidence to indicate that abuse and depende nce criteria, including cannabis use disorder criteria, represent a uni-dimensional construct (para. 10). In this argumentative essay the writer takes the results of the survey and concludes that there is a strong relationship between use, abuse and dependence in states that have made marijuana legal. This argument shows that by memory it illegal there are less people who use, abuse and become dependent on it. The author used a survey in which took results of states where marijuana was legal and where marijuana was illegal to support his argument.In the article, Poll Nationwide Marijuana Legalization Inevitable, the author doesnt argue a side each for or against marijuana. This article gives the results of a survey taken nationwide regarding marijuana. According to Kwtx (2014) The telephone survey found that 75 percent of respondents including majorities of both supporters and opponents of legal marijuana think that the sale and use of pot last will be legal nationwide.(para. 4) In conclusion he states that the results reflect nationwide marijuana legalization is inescapable. Without picking a side he concluded a survey of what people think will happen in the future either for or against its legalization. Although the poll didnt reflect the fact that serious legalization of marijuana is or isnt wanted it shows you three fourths of a majority think it is inevitable that it will be legalized. This author used a survey without having an argument to support his article.ReferenceDuke, S. B. (2010). Cannabis captiva Freeing the world from marijuana prohibition. Georgetown Journal of International Affairs, 11(2), 83-90. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/910990356?accountid=458 Cerda, m. (2011). Science direct. Retrieved from http//www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/science/article/pii/S0376871611002742 KWTX. (2014). Retrieved from http//www.kwtx.com/centraltexasvotes/home/headlines/PollLegalization-Of-Pot-Nationwide-Is-Inevitable-253 584841.html

Contrast in Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay Example for Free

Contrast in Conrads Heart of Darkness EssayConrad uses phone line in his wise Heart of Darkness. Conrad would use line of reasoning to convey meaning in his writing. Not only did contrast help convey meaning, but he also used it to show feelings. Of the many contrast in Heart of Darkness the difference of light and dark and the difference between the Thames River and the congo River are the near obvious. The biggest contrast in Heart of Darkness is the difference between light and dark. London represents the light. London is in civilization, and if London represents the light, then civilization also has a big thing to do with light.The light represents everything that everyone has wise(p) in their life, whether it was through experiences or through other peoples mistakes. On the other side there is the darkness. Africa is the chief(prenominal) representation of darkness. Africa was uncivilized territory that everyone wanted to explore, but the darkness frightened people. Everything that happened in the darkness, cannibals and savages prowled the darkness, awaiting travelers. Africa is the heart of darkness. The contrast of the Thames River and the Congo River is also big in the story.The Thames is characterized as calm. Like the light the Thames represents good. The light from London makes authoritative the river is seen and nothing is cryptic about the river. On the other hand, the Congo is a dark, cryptic river. It is a mail service of evil. The contrast of these two rivers is the difference between the good and the evil, and light and dark. The Thames is peaceful and tranquil it symbolizes light and civilization. The Congo is wild and barbaric it symbolizes the dark and everything uncivilized and frightening.

Child Abuse in American Samoa Essay Example for Free

Child Abuse in American Samoa EssayChild abuse and neglect good novel can do numberless things for its reader. It ignites curiosity, triggers emotions, expands knowledge and encourages life lessons while transporting eager minds to unimaginable places. Active readers are completely encouraged by these vibrations. However, untold tales can occasionally capture the oppressed narratives of others. The silent pleas of vulnerable individuals can tell a memoir of its own. One key issue is that of tiddler abuse, which has the potential to rob kidskinren of the happily ever later on that they deserve. The World health organization (2013) defines child abuse as a breach of a childs basic human rights and encompasses a variety of unethical practices that damage the holistic welfare of a child. Al Dosari, Ferwana, Abdulmejeed, Aldossari and Al-Zahrani (2017) add that incompetent parents or caregivers are at fault and should be held accountable for their forcible and or negligent condu ct towards a minor in their care, especially when the potential risk or traumatic event that the child was exposed to could have been avoided entirely. Paterson, Fairbairn-Dunlop, Cowley-Malcolm, and Schluter (2007) assert that abusive parenting is an issue that is limitless in scope and transcends every border, including factors much(prenominal) as ethnicity, nationality and generation. Child abuse occurs in various ways, but the resolve remains the same, serious sensible or emotional harm. carnal or sexual abuse may be the most striking types of abuse since they often, unfortunately, leave physical evidence behind. However, physical abuse is commonly encountered among large families. Parents with either a lower level of education or no education at all, abuse children with good health status and with a significant association (Elsaied, Alsehly, 2017). On the other hand, mental abuse and neglect are serious types of child abuse that are often more subtle and difficult to s pot.Types of Child abuse physicalA documentary was filmed following Samoan treasure children in New Zealand. A scene in the film shows the consequences a boy faces after be caught attempting to run away from his foster hearthstone. The consequences he faced was not your typical western punishment. His foster florists chrysanthemum did not ground him or send him to his room. Instead, she had every other boy in the foster home brutally beat him for at least two minutes. One key issue here is that of Physical abuse, it has the potential to injure and ultimately damage the growth and development of children. The Canadian Department of Justice (2012), defines child physical abuse as the involvement or the deliberate use of force on a child, that it causes injury to the child or the child may be at risk of injury. The force may include such acts such as smacking, punching, beating, shaking, kicking, biting, burning, shoving, choking, throwing, stabbing, grabbing or leaving a child in an undignified posture for a long period of time. These usually occur when a parent or a psyche in the position of responsibility, power or trust takes advantage of their child. The injury is considered abuse whether the person intended to hurt the child or not.Some of the physical signs of abuse would have clear specimen signs, such as unexplained bruises, welts or cuts. According to Dr. Joseph A Zenel (2008), that if a child has more bruises, fractures, conduce trauma, or burns that would simply raise the suspicion of physical abuse (as cited in McNamara, 2008).While all children allow take a tumble now and then, look for age-inappropriate injuries, injuries that appear to have a pattern such as marks from a hand or belt, or a pattern of severe injuries.worked up/Psychological Sexual OtherPolicyWellbeing/symptomsCountry what is American Samoan doing about the issue?ReferencesElsaied, H., Alsehly, A. (2017). A study of child physical abuse. The Egyptian Journal of Psychiatry, 38(2), 120.J.N. Fishe (2016). Child Abuse and the Law. Rethinking the CAPTA Amendments. Vand Law Rev 1998183.Fry, D., McCoy, A., Swales, D. (2012). The Consequences of Maltreatment on Childrens Lives A Systematic Review of Data From East Asia and Pacific Region. Trauma, Violence Abuse, 13(4), 209-233. doi10.1177/1524838012455873Neela Dabir, Mohua Nigudkar. (2007). Child Abuse Confronting Reality. frugal and Political Weekly, 42(27/28), 2863-2866. Retrieved from http//www.jstor.org.byuh.idm.oclc.org/stable/4419782Paterson, J., Fairbairn-Dunlop, P., Esther, T. C., Schluter, P. J. (2007). Maternal childhood parental abuse history and current intimate first mate violence Data from the Pacific islands families study. Violence and Victims, 22(4), 474-88. Retrieved from https//search-proquest-com.byuh.idm.oclc.org/docview/208556625?accountid=9816Xiangming Fang, Deborah A. Fry, Derek S. Brown, James A. Mercy, Michael P. Dunne, Alexander R. Butchart, Phaedra S. Corso, Kateryna Maynzyu k, Yuriy Dzhygyr, Yu Chen, Amalee McCoy, Diane M. Swales, The burden of child maltreatment in the East Asia and Pacific region, In Child Abuse Neglect, Volume 42, 2015, Pages 146-162, ISSN 0145-2134, https//doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.02.012

1906 British General Election Essay Example for Free

1906 British General Election EssayThe Liberals lapped on the conservatives weaknesses, and used that to their strengths. The leadership of Campbell-Bannerman proved as a conquest by throwing out accusations towards the Tories, like their methods of barbarism and Chinese slavery. They in addition had young, dynamic MPs and the gaining of Winston Churchill. The liberals oppose the duty ameliorate and supported free trade like many working class voters. The Tories had won 334 seats in the 1900 election exactly that went down to 157 seats in the 1906 election, which is a loss of 177 seats. merely on the other hand in the 1900 election the Liberals had 187 seats just now by 1906 election they had d wholeness for(p) up to 401 seats, which is a gain of 214 seats The traditionalist companionship get intod two new propels just beforehand this General Election which decreased their popularity. The Education Act of 1902 was an attempt by the Tories to improve national aptitud e Britain must improve the health and well-being of the nation if it was to remain a leading world power. The act abolished school boards, which meant that taxpayers funded primary school education.Although this was a successful policy, (attendance increased from 94,000 in 1905 to 200,000 by 1914) it angered non-conformists who were nauseate that their taxes were being used to fund church schools. In fact, the Act was branded Rome on Rates, as the Catholic Church was benefiting from taxes being paid by anti-Catholic citizens Balfour soon had to control a revolt as 7000 people refused to pay their taxes. This rebellion shows just how unpopular this act was and reduced the amount of support for the materialistics. The Conservative party also had a Laissez Faire attitude, which means you are on your own with your health and wealth. Booth and Roundtrees studies showed that 1/3 of the population were in Poverty and in the Boer War soldiers were declared to unhealthy to fight. The Non- Conformists were also outraged by the Licensing Act of 1904, which aimed to reduce the spell of pubs in areas where they were not needed.However, the government paid compensation to the brewers whose pubs were closed down which angered voters as the brewers were receiving unnecessary government funds. This act, The Brewers Bill was another attempt by the Conservatives to introduce reform,which ended in their popularity decreasing in the 1906 election. These acts were important, not only because they weakened Conservative support but also because they gave the Liberal party new policies to increase popularity they promised to reverse the Education and Licensing Acts, which made them more captivating to Non-Conformists. The reforms gave the Liberal party strength whereas in 1900, they had been divide over the issue of home rule and had suffered from faddism. The depression major event that had an impact on the general election of 1906 was the Boer War.There are a number of reason s why the Boer War occurred, the first being Joseph Chamberlains appointment as colonial secretary whose job it was to prove the empire. southwestward Africa was important in these plans as it had the most valuable land on the continent not only because of its trading location but also because of the recently discovered Witwatersrand goldfields growing wealth. Agreements in 1881 and 1884 gave the Boer states independence but they faced interference from imperialist Britain which escalated hostilities. These and other factors eventually take to war with the Boer states. Views were split on the subject but as the war went on the Conservatives were being increasingly blamed for their armed forces inexperience.The war also allowed the Liberals to start a revival as it took views off the internal cracks in the party and gave it a united front as most Liberals disagreed with the war. The Boer war also created other issues for the Conservatives. There were 50,00 Chinese workers in Sout h Africa (or also as it is known as Chinese Slavery) and despite the Conservative government having little to do with it the Liberals could portray them as exploiters of workers due to the long hours, poor pay and drop of rights they had. This harmed the Conservatives report card with middle class voters because of the humanitarian issues (methods of barbarism) but more importantly badly damaged their reputation with working class voters because not only did it close off potential job opportunities in South Africa but also made many worried that they may implement the practice in Britain. other major event that had an impact on the election was the retirement of Lord Salisbury who had been influential in the revival of the Conservatives and the alliance with the Unionists.Salisburys successor, Balfour can be seen as another reason for the revival of the Liberal Party. As soon as Balfour was appointed the Unionist alliance began to break. Balfour is partly to blame for Chamberlain s attempt to implementthe tariff reform in 1903. Although Balfour had little to do with it he failed to stop Chamberlain putting the reform forward which led to many people questioning his authority. This controversial policy split the unionist alliance so some(prenominal) so that many voters turned to the Liberals. The split was in three ways. Whole Hoggers who supported the tariff reform fully. There were Free fooders whom were mostly Liberal Unionists where they supported free trade and absolutely hated the idea. because finally there were the Balfourites who tried to create peace throughout the party.The reform stated that all non-British (and British Empire as well just pay lower taxes) colonies should guide to pay tariffs on imports into Britain. nevertheless free trade was indented into British society and nearly all voters were against the idea as no one wanted to pay more for the same products. Another damaging misestimate by Balfour was the decision not to take any act ion on the Taff Vale incident. The railway workers on the Taff Vale railway went on strike in 1900. The management replaced them with National free labour association workers and then took the union to apostrophize for damages. The judge ruled in favour of the company which angered thousands of trade union members who wanted swap but by 1905 the Conservatives had not taken any action whereas the Liberals and Labour were supporting change.Balfours successive miscalculations with this serial publication of events led many to change their allegiances and angered many, none more than the working class who were becoming increasingly important. However it was not just Conservative weaknesses that caused the Liberals to win a victory in the 1906 general election, but also Liberals renewed strength. Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Herbert Asquith and William Gladstone are all acknowledged as great leaders and also with more dynamic MPs, ( David Lloyd George, Herbert Samuel, Winston Churchill) w hile the Conservatives kept making mistakes the Liberals were gaining support, creating policies the public supported and forming alliances such as the Lib-Lab Pact. (The Liberal Party agreed to withdraw parliamentary candidates in some constituencies where the Labour was also standing in order to make sure the anti-Tory vote was not split.)And with the mess of the conservatives the Liberals promised to introduce accessible reforms. Overall, I think the statement is valid, as the Tories had their chance to show the public what they had to offer, but they failed and they wanted to have something new andfresh. The Liberals took the Conservatives weaknesses to their advantage and won With their fresh new MPs it looked like the government, the future looked promising for the people in poverty.

Parallels similarities between the experiences of womenmen in Gileadean and US society Essay Example for Free

Parallels similarities amongst the experiences of wo workforcemen in Gileadean and US caller EssayI would like to concur with Atwood that the Gilead fiat completely exist in the land of Gilead alone, and such attributes argon not witnessed in the basic American societies even though this concurrence is limited. I go a representation begin by citing Atwood opinion. Firstly, the Gilead golf-club transferred women wealth to their husbands or relatives. Thus, a woman was seen as a home and could not be allowed to own proportion since she was a property. This is not the case with contemporary US orderliness where women can make significant macroeconomic decisions American women atomic number 18 leaders of enlarged businesses, control large investments and even assume elective posts. I will, therefore, compargon the identity issue to makes sure that you understand the differences between American societies and Gilead societies.Unlike in the American society, in the Gilead ian society women were highly segregated from one another. For a woman to befriend a fellow woman that relationship was to be made public. As such, their husbands took women as properties. Thus, they expected women to consult them on what choices they would want to make in life. According to Atwood, Gileadian woman would wear uniforms coded to their functions. However, American women feature single-handed decisions. They choose who and who not to relate with.Besides, Audience, Atwood believes that Gilead women were infertile, and they would help their husbands during insemination commonly known as ceremony. The women were only in charge of the household discipline, however, their freedoms since way the feel week they were left to die with no palm at all. As well, the women were expected to provide subsequent child catering as quotedThey would tell intelligence stories for children and sing hymns. One of the women was called Serena Joy..was expected to laugh and cryin order to te ach the children (16) preferably abstruse, the women of Gilead, who argon seen handling complex administrative jobs, for instance, becoming police officers, be still considered properties of men they are working with. As such, the women become rigid, middle-aged who thrust internalized patriarchal values. In fact, Gilead women are dogmatized to live in a society that does not seem to care around their objectives. Similarly, women of Gilead operate re-education centers however, they are not mandated to stock out critical decisions concerning education. However, this is not the case their American counterparts. American counterparts contribute positively towards the development of the society. Their decisions are independent.Similarly, the creation and destruction of property rights fundamentally presents legal challenges affecting the women of Gilead. Men, control the Gilead g everywherenment. Gilead state captures wayward and unloose women who can bear birth to the incoming ge nerations however, they fail to recognize the index and legitimacy of the new regime. Thus, their property is their self and freedoms and as illustrated earlier, the access to money. As a result, women become the property of their husbands if they have one or the state that has their discretion can dispatch them wherever they see them. In this case, males are in power to claim property rights in women who have been foiled. However, in America, women are not treated as fugitives in fact, they present an equal 50/50 power distribution and resources are shared evenly.Ironically, the Gilead regime pretends to obligingness the feminist philosophy in its treatment of women and the paints a picture of an utopian future that female society turnaround to become the sorority and prevent from being hurt. However, the patriarchy principles in Gilead embrace the paradox of protection in the imprisonment, where women face significant prejudices in the type of decisions that they make. This is n ot the case with the present American society. Joining Atwood, I prefer Aunt Lydia reflection on what freedom-to-freedom means. Ironically, the commander justifies the Gilead by claiming that women are relevant if they fulfill their biological duties. Literary the commander had get married so many women, and had one ceremonial as Atwood is quoted sayingAt one, level was an almost a caricature of the banality of kitchen talk that could be a scene from a Pinter commenderBut in the terror-filled austerity of the commander house, it is seductively comforting.note the word seduction. (10)Such a school of thought is rapid, and it indicates how women are considered as a property of the Gilead men communities. American women consider giving birth as a service to the society and not necessary as a reward for a cleanse life. Besides, American women consider giving birth as a way of giving back to the society positively.Equally, audience please be advised that the fascist Republic of Gilead , which differs the contemporary United States society assigns every woman to different classes of women without their will to protest. The classes are as a follows wives, belong to the married men who have a superior military rank. These women, despite their will, are treated fairly better than other counterparts are in the society. Secondly, the Gilead society assigns a second class of women, handmaid, econowives or Martha the role of reproduction and matrimony. These women, despite their will, are engaged into hard jobs dower the rich in one way, or another. The group is forcefully married to a lower rank military regime that does not have enough status to drive a handmaid or aunts function. Even though ironically, Handmaids surrogate for the infertile hetero genderuals, as well as, serving as women housekeepers and cooking nannies. To achieve that, the Gilead initiates a dogmatizing religious program, one that ordains the reproduction where multiple beliefs are enacted to su pport the system of social rituals. Members, such as absurd society does not exist in America. On the contrary, in America, women are empowered to make decisions concerning the sexuality. As quoted sayingThe flesh arranges itself differently. I am a cloud congealed around a central object, the shape of a pear (Chapter 13, 43)However, the social complexness of the US, American women control their sexuality and as well, control how they would prefer bringing forth their off springs.Similarly, since Gilead is actively involved in patriarch driven conflicts, most members are either infertile or sterile, it is debatable that men through the subsequent political battles have made their property. As such, subsequent political battles have increased toxic wastes and nuclear fallout, where toxic waste colonies are increased. To hide the truth behind such rituals, the Gilead societies have invoked a biblical ritual called The Ceremony. However, arrogantly, how they conduct their sexual activ ities is unbecoming. The command penetrates the handmaid exposed sex in an attempt to impregnate a woman. The commander is quoted to have saidIm not talking about sex he says. That was part of it the sex was too easy. . . You know what they were complaining about the most (Chapter, 32)This is unbecoming since the woman has been lured to sex. Any sound child born by the handmaid is handled over to the wife of the commander as if the child belonged to the commanders wife. Such a social tantrum is very wanting and prompts the question on the role of women in the society. To answer that, American women make independent decisions on how when and where, they want to give birth. American women also make the choice to have sex, when, where and with whom.Nonetheless, despite the complex differences between the Gilead society and the American society, we still notice some similarities. While it is evident that the Gilead society obligates women roles as predominantly domestic, the US society seems to emulate that by assigning women the task of raising children while men are technically exempted from that.Additionally, members you will agree with me that the congress, which happens to be active Christian right is looking for traditionalistic family values. Even though we acknowledge that radical pieces of the Gilead system have not found a way into the American system, it is notable that domestic institutions have secret doctrine women in the Gilead society. A common doctrine is the domestic chore, where the common American woman is made to believe that in order to make a perfect partner, one has to wash the dirt, prepare food, and even entertain a commander called the husband. Men experiences, therefore, are not radical, or in any case equal as those affecting women. It is also dispiriting to note that efforts by feminine movements are currently being considered outdated or extremists and are not attracting subsequent influence as they were expected two decades. Effo rts to benefit and strengthen the woman counterpart foray away the layers the practice once again set to maintain the dominant-subordinate relationship.ReferenceAtwood, Margaret. The Handmaids Tale. London Vintage Classic, 2010. Print. stem document

Compositions Essay Example for Free

Compositions EssayMy parents took me to Chidambaram on the occasion of the fete for Lord Nataraja. That festival occurs once in a year. The clustering was huge. It had come from all parts of India, and, in some cases, eventide from outside India. The throng consisted of people from various states in India. It therefore, consisted of people from assorted walks of life. We saw people from Federal states of India, like, Uttar Pradesh, Rajastan, Delhi and many more. We also saw crowds from Great Britain and The United States of America. We found people talking in varied lyric poems.Some of the people found it difficult to make the local people of Chidambaram understand what they meant. So, they needed interpreters. As mentioned earlier, the crowd was not only huge, but consisted of citizens of various status and from various states. Some leader was delivering a vernacular. He did not belong to Tamil Nadu. Sometimes he would speak in broken voice communication and then switc h over to different language, which i too could not follow. The crowd was in no better position. So, there was commotion in the crowd because it could not understand what the speaker was talking about.When the crowd became restive, someone came on to the dias to do interpretation, but that did not also satisfy the crowd. Therefore, the speaker finished his speech and some one else came up the dias to deliver the speech. But, he too did not understand the local language well and there was a confusion again. This time the crowd became very restive and could not be controlled by the cops. When the situation appeared to be going out of control, the cops interfered and used water guns to disperse the crowd. When that too did not give the desired result, the cops naturally resorted to using bullets.The first fired in the air to terify the people. But, that did not founder the desired result. So they sprayed the crowd with actual bullets. This made the crowd retreat and some calm appeared to behave descended on the crowd. So, this was a meeting which was well attended. But, it was attended by people from various states speaking different languages and having different life cultures. The speakers also did not do anything to pacify the crowd. As i said earlier, the crowd came from different states and spoke different languages, they could not understand what the speakers spoke, nor could others understand what they spoke.

How Different People Behave in the Presence of Authority Essay Example for Free

How Different People Behave in the prefigurehead of Authority EssayThe survey and behavior study was conducted in a finance office break of the United States military. The office is comprised of both military and civilian employees as hearty as several assorted races and nationalities. A short written survey was conducted in order to discover how the military versus civilian military force behaved in the presence of federal agency as well as how different races and nationalities behaved in the presence of authority. These surveys were fill out voluntarily and participants were asked non to include their name on their survey in order to transmit some(prenominal) identification or bias. However, they were asked to provide information about their military or civilian status. In addition, observations were in addition recorded after the survey as the employees went about their normal business activities go at least one authority figure was present. The examinations asked are as followed 1. Do you subject area harder when an authority figure is present? Why or why not? 2. How do you normally reply to authority while on the descent? 3. What do authority figures do to cause you to counterfeit harder? 4.What do authority figures do that causes you to not work as hard? 5. What can authority figures do in the future to motivate you? Combined with the observations this survey provided valuable insight into the differences in behavior among civilian and military employees as well as differences crossways races and nationalities. The most striking disco very(prenominal) was that military strength appear to be more(prenominal) cause when in the presence of authority. From a personal standpoint, this phenomenon may be due to the intense culture and care of punishment inwardly the military.Military soldiers and officers are trained to respond immediately to authority and to terminate from questioning authority. At the same time, military personnel cannot be simply fired from a job as civilians are. In the majority of cases, military personnel sign up for a certain tot up of time in the military and failing to meet these obligations is much more complicated than just world fired. This is one possible reason why the military employees within this particular finance office respond so positively to authority figures. Further, the written surveys provided additional support for this theory.The military employees overwhelmingly responded that they were more motivated when an authority figure was present. Similarly, the majority of military employees also answered that this was because they wanted to perform well for their immediate head but that they also wanted to avoid the humiliation that comes with making unnecessary mistakes. The civilian employees also answered that they were more motivated to work harder in the presence of an authority figure. However, their reasoning was most often due to their fear of losing their jo b if they did not perform well enough.The questions and observations regarding behavior associated with not working as hard also provided some valuable insight into the differences among military and civilian personnel. The military employees reported that they often were much more at ease when an authority figure was not present but that they could never alone let down their guard. Several of those military employees who participated in the study reported that they felt as if somebody was always watching them and that any unbecoming behavior would eventually make its way to their commanding officers which would range their rank and position in jeopardy.In contrast, the civilian employees reported being able to joke near and being a little less focused on their work when an authority figure was not present. However, two of those surveyed responded that they were hesitant to engage in this type of behavior in front of military personnel simply because the military employees did n ot behave in this way. in that respect were also some important differences put up among the different races and ethnicities within this particular finance office. For example, on that point is one Middle Eastern civilian employee who working in the office as well as one Indian civilian.These two employees are very dedicated to their jobs and work very hard to perform well. They are both very respectful of their discolor bosses and strive to please them at all times. These two employees were not sight engaging in any different types of behavior when authority figures were not present. Instead, they continued their work as if the authority figure was ovalbuminwash in the room. Additionally, they were always calculated to make eye contact with the person they were speaking with and were also careful to remain respectful at all times.While the fresh military and civilian officers were also detect to be respectful and dedicated to their work, they were also more likely to be more relaxed when interacting with authority figures. Further, they were also more likely to have relationships with their bosses in the form of questions about their families and activities when not on the clock. The hours that employees work in this particular finance office are from 0730 until 1600. The observations and survey took place within these hours.The written survey was conducted between 0800 and 0900 and the remainder of the day was filled with observations regarding behavior. The observations provided important insight about the differences in motivation in the good morning versus towards the end of the work day. In the morning, the employees were observed sitting at their desks, booting up their computers and getting right to work. There was very little interaction among employees beyond casual greetings until luncheontime. As the lunch break approached the employees could be overheard discussing what to do with their time and generally looking forward to a short bre ak.While the employees returned from lunch and returned right to work the atmosphere remained upbeat. The employees engaged in a little more chatter right after lunch and as the end of the work day approached they once again increased their amount of dialogue. However, it was also observed that the amount of talking was significantly less when an authority figure was present than when an authority figure was not present. Further, the white military and civilian employees engaged in more dialogue with each other than did the other races or nationalities.A final interesting and insightful bit of knowledge that was gained from the survey and observations was associated with the last question What can authority figures do in the future to motivate you? The majority of participants responded that authority figures would motivate them to work harder through incentives. These incentives did not necessarily need to be tangible goods. Instead, most of the participants felt that praising th em for a job well done or thanking them for their hard work was sufficient in making them look valuable.Further, the participants felt that when their work was detect it was easier to stay motivated because it helped them improve on their weaknesses by using their strengths. The participants responded that when their efforts were noticed and praised they were more willing and motivated to work on their weaknesses without feeling as if they were bad at their jobs. Overall, the employees within this particular finance office were hard working and dedicated to their jobs.They behaved fittingly in the presence of an authority figure and even though they were more relaxed when an authority figure was not present they were still performing their jobs satisfactorily. The military employees displayed more discipline, possibly because of their training. The Middle Eastern and Indian employees were more reserved and less relaxed than the white employees. The authority figures were not surve yed but were observed and it was noticed that they treated all the employees equally but there were slight differences as well.For example, the authority figures were much more reserved when interacting with the Middle Eastern and Indian employees than they were with the white employees, possibly because they were respecting individual differences. Ultimately, the surveys and observations provided information about the differences among military and civilian employees as well as across different races and ethnicities. While there were several differences, it was noted that each member of this office worked diligently and appropriately at all times.

advertisements concerning attention, cognitive learning and motivation

ads concerning attention, cognitive learning and pauperism1.0 Executive SummaryThis proposal examines broad areas of issues in advertizings concerning attention, cognitive learning and motivation in mess long times as problem in the communication field. The first instalment elaborates about(predicate) that background of publicizing, followed by the definitions of problems. In the later on section, an integrated oriented literature review of previous query conducted allow for give a briefly insight of the methods and social research that were carried out. In section 4.0, the objectives of the proposed study forget give the highlights what the study give the axe obtain and follow by the methods of research, entropy collection and analysis. The summary of the proposal is included in the section 6.0, which is the conclusion.2.0 Background To The Problem2.01 AdvertisingBelch and Belch (2004) defined advertizement as space or time that is bought by an identified sponsor to wasting disease any form of nonpersonal communication elements (e.g., television, communicate, magazines, or newspapers) to deliver messages to a wide-ranging number of individuals of potential consumers, frequently at the same time about an organisation, product or service (Belch Belch, 2004, pp16).Wells, et al (2003) alleged that advertisements strive to satisfy consumers objectives by engaging them and delivering a relevant message. Hence, the consumer may remember the advertisement if it is sufficiently entertaining and possibly learn to relate the advertisement to personal needs. Further more(prenominal), the reading extracted from the advertisement may depart incentive and reinforce the consumers decision. Whilst from the advertisers perspective, the definitive objective of placing an advertisement is to twist or influence consumers to do any(prenominal)thing. The advertiser aims to move consumers to action by attaining the consumers attention, seizing their interests for a period of time to convince the consumers to change their behaviours, try the advertisers product or build brand consignment (Wells, el at 2003, pp.5).According to Wells, et al (2003) concourse are concerned about the society being overrun by advertisements, thus many aspects of ethical advertising issues such as advocacy, accuracy and acquisitiveness are being investigated. Hence, advertisers must make mindful decisions to either adhere or breach the codes of ethics (Wells, el at 2003, pp.30 33).2.02 Problem DefinitionsWells, et al (2003) articulate puffery as one of the key issues in advertising, which is defined as advertising or other sales representation, which praise the item to be sold with subjective opinions and spinning tops or exaggerations, vaguely and generally stating no specialized proofs, the empirical differentiate on the strength of puffery indicated that reasonable people do not believe such claims whilst there are public who expects the advertisers t o prove the truth of their superlative messages. Ergo, advertisers are advised to conduct necessary research that verifies facts about ethical messages for legal advertising. Advertisers and advertising agencies that bugger off insights into the minds of the potential consumers views and evidences on their perceptions leave prove to be helpful in assessing what are ethical conducts (Wells, el at 2003, pp.33 34).Wells, et al (2003) elucidate subliminal messages is transmitted below the threshold of normal perception, where the receiver is not consciously aware of receiving, the embedment of messages are placed to manipulate. Research has yet to prove subliminal messages can run into behaviours due to physiological limitations, while the results in different research has shown indications that subliminal stimuli can cause some types of minor reactions (Wells, el at 2003, pp.42).This proposed research aims to examine the hierarchy of issues in advertising from the consumers perspe ctives, hence the research process is designated to investigate the important levels of attention, cognitive learning and motivational messages in advertising.3.0 Literature ReviewThe evidence from studies on advertising overwhelming indicates that additional studies are needed to cover the broad spectrum of issues concerning advertising practice.Rosbergen, et al (1997) adduce a methodology to examine the do of physical ads of consumers attention to visuals elements on the accounts of heterogeneity, to inquire when and how consumers ante up their attention to commercial stimuli and what determines the consumers attentional strategies and patterns. The proposed methodology was driven by the lack of research conducted on consumer attention, sluice though the importance of attention has been acknowledged (Rosbergen, et al 1997, pp.305).A growing body of research indicates that exposures to omnipresent advertisements over a period of time have draw out to change magnitude physical dissatisfaction amongst a fully grown proportion of women (Halliwell, el at 2005, pp. 408).Other research findings proved that women portrayed in the advertisements do not controller for attractiveness. For example, Posavac, et al (1998) canvasd viewing fashion models with realistically-sized women you might meet in everyday life. Although they do not report attractiveness ratings, they note that the attractiveness of models is accentuated by artificial means. (Halliwell, el at 2005, pp. 408)There are many theoretical reasons to expect that consumer reactions to advertising are seeed by their response to the program or print material in which the advertising is inserted. Indeed many studies have looked at the impact of media passation on the effectiveness of advertising. At present, however, deuce major issues arise with this literature. One concerns the need for more particular proposition theories about how media context of use can affect advertising as well as the other re lates to when context affects advertising positively and when it affects it negatively. (Halliwell, el at 2005, pp. 408)Researchers increasingly recognise the interest in on the psychological science of consumers has been steadily on the rise. Much of this research has concentrate oned on changes in information processing (e.g., Roedder-John and lettuce 1986). The research indicates that, consumers of different ages have different level of susceptibility to misleading advertising (Gaeth and Heath 1987) and the truth-inflating effects of repetition (Law, Hawkins, and Craik 1998 Skurnik et al. 2005). The research has shown evidences that consumers of younger age rely more on schema-based whilst older consumers adopt particular processing strategies. However, aging also has important effects on motivational processes that can significantly affect information processing. In particular, aging is associated with an increase in the motivation to attend to ablaze versus factual informa tion (e.g., Labouvie-Vief and Blanchard-Fields 1982 Williams Drolet, 2005, pp.343)Williams and Drolet (2005) conducted their first study on how time survey perspective affects older and young adult consumers attitudes toward and draw of randy (vs. quick of scent) appeals. The experiment 1 design was a 2 (age sort out older vs. young) x 2 (appeal type emotional vs. keen-witted) x 3 (time horizon perspective limited vs. expansive vs. control). In control conditions, where the researchers were expecting age to interact with appeal type that (1) older role players entrust have more favourable attitudes toward and bump back out of emotional (vs. rational) appeals and (2) young participants will have more favourable attitudes toward and better recall of rational (vs. emotional) appeals (Williams Drolet, 2005, pp.345).Additionally to expectation time horizon perspective to moderate the above effects such that in limited time horizon conditions, where researchers anticipate youn g participants will show increased attitudes toward and recall of emotional (vs. rational) appeals. In expansive time horizon conditions, Williams and Drolet (2005) look at the prospect of older participants showing increased attitudes toward and recall of rational (vs. emotional) appeals (Williams Drolet, 2005, pp.346)From the analysis tried for potential differences due to the use of two different products (coffee and film), the results indicated no significant differences in results (all ps 1 .30), and analysis are collapsed across the two products. The product categories were tested to use as a potential covariate in the analysis. No effects were significant ( ps 1 .30) and were not discussed further.As expected by Williams and Drolet (2005) the findings from prove 1 indicated that in the control time horizon conditions, older participants had greater liking and recall of the emotional appeals whilst the younger participants had greater liking and recall of the rational appea ls.Whilst in limited time horizon conditions, both older and young participants attitudinal and store responses were higher for the emotional appeals. In contrast, in the expansive time horizon conditions, the attitudinal and retentivity responses were higher for the rational appeals for both chemical groups.As an afterword for try out 1, which have proven that age and time horizon perspective moderate responses to emotional and rational appeals to older and young adults. The results compiled from Experiment 1 differ from results of previous research (e.g. Fung and Carstensen 2003), which had inadequate evidence.(Williams Drolet, 2005, pp.345)In Experiment 2, Williams and Drolet (2005) examine how differences in age and time horizon perspective influence consumers attitudes toward and recall of emotional appeals that focus on the avoidance of negative emotional experiences. Participants were instructed to read either a positively framed or negatively framed emotional appeal of one of two emotional products. After reading the appeal, participants were needful to answer questions about their attitudes toward products. After that, participants were required to do manipulation checks and answered product use and demographic questions. Lastly, participants were asked to recall all they could about the appeal that they have read earlier (Williams Drolet, 2005, pp.349 50).Williams and Drolet (2005) tested for differences by using two emotional products (greeting cards and flowers). The analysis found no significant differences in results ( ps 1 .30). Hence, Experiment 2 have shown indications that aging and time horizon perspective impact and preferences for emotional versus rational appeals, and also preferences for different types of emotional appeals. Specifically, that avoidance of negative emotional outcomes is more preferable and has higher reminiscence retention among both groups of older and younger participants in limited time horizon view. On the contrary, younger and older participants who had an expansive time horizon view generated were preferably higher on positive emotions and are more memorable (Williams Drolet, 2005, pp.351).Gunter, et el (2005) have preliminary evidence that can lead advertisers to believe that effectiveness of advertisements on consumers retention and comprehension of messages relies on the placement of television programs, positioning of ads in print materials or radio airtime. The nature of the advertising environment can affect memory for embedded advertising as a result of cognitive interference effects when and where the advertisement formats are congruent semantically (Furnham, Bergland, Gunter, 2002Furnham, Gunter, Richardson, 1999) or in terms of format (Gunter, Baluch,Duffy, Furnham, 2001) or as a function of program-induced moods (Goldberg Corn, 1987 Kamins, Marks Skinner, 1991 Schumann, 1986). Arousal(Mundorf, Zillman, Drew, 199 1 Pavelchak, Antil, Munch, 1988), or excitement(Sin gh, Churchill, Hitchon, 1987). While unpleasant arousal or interference can impede memory for embedded advertisements, the degree to which any advertisement format involves or appeals also can affect memory (Gunter, et al 2005, pp. 1680)4.0 Objective of Proposed ResearchThe objective of the research is to provide advertisers and advertising agencies to have insights to create ethical, effective and cost-effective advertisements to publics. The collection and analysis of consumers personal information from various electronic media and tools with the advancements and improvements in the new age of technologies and research methods, advertisers are able to analyse consumers information, perception and behaviours.4.01 MethodsThis study aims to investigate which element in advertising precedes primary in the minds of the consumers, by taking into account the possible role of attention, puffery and motivational messages in advertising.The use of focus group interviews allows researchers to generate information that can be used to design effective, ethical and efficient messages in advertising. Focus group interviews can provide researchers with relevant perceptions and attitudes of selected participants (Frey, et al 2000, pp.221).In addition for more insight and higher success of the interviews, four facilitators will be acquired to guide and lead the focus group interviews. The facilitators will introduce the topics encourage participations and probes for more information.The participants will be exposed to advertisements of different materials (e.g., television commercials, radio commercials, magazines ads, or newspapers ads).The participants will be divided into four focus groups that will be videotaped and recorded with create verbally consents given by the participants.Every participant will be asked to provide demographic information including age, gender, race, ethnicity, matrimonial status, and religion. The members of the research team were present to g reet and support the focus group, by playing the roles of complete participant, participant observer, observer participant and complete observer via listening to the discussions, and record field notes (Frey, et al 2000, pp.269).Male and pistillate participants will be assigned randomly to 4 treatment conditions, ensuring equal numbers of 5 each gender per condition aggroup 1- television commercials and magazine print ads Group 2- radio commercials and newspaper ads Group 3- television commercials and radio commercials and Group 4 magazine print ads and newspaper ads. apiece group will spend 30 minutes on the different advertising formats that will be played in a small theatre room that will be fully equipped with a large screen, enhanced audio systems, desks and refreshments.After observing the different formats of advertising, each group will be lead into discussions by the facilitators, where participants will be encouraged to express themselves freely about their experience s, opinions and perceptions.Before finalising the focus group sessions, participants will be given three set of questionnaires to answer.Commercials rating questionnaire.On the program rating questionnaire, participants will use a 10-point scale to rate the advertisements, which they have watch, heard or seen in the focus group session on 12 evaluative scales (absorbing, hostile, arousing, disturbing, engaging, entertaining, enjoyable, exciting, happy, idle, interesting, and involving). Each scale ranged from 1 (not at an to 10 (extremely).Free-recall questionnaire.A free-recall questionnaire will ask participants to write everything they could remember about the advertisements that they saw. They will be required to write garbage down the name of the product and the brand advertised, and any details of the advertising message. Such details could include specific product-related information, such as price, promotional appeals, specific strengths or benefits, presence of celebrity endorser, and other idiosyncratic features of the advertisement. shuffle recognition questionnaire.A brand recognition questionnaire will test participants memory for the brands advertised in the epoch of the focus group.Participants will be asked to indicate as many brands as they could remember that appeared during the focus group.Each correct answer was scored 1 point, while incorrect choices were given 0 points.4.02 information Collection and digestAll the members of the research team who will engage in a series of meetings to review and compare the four focus groups coding schemesThe meetings will audio-recorded, and then the selected portions of the recordings were transcribed to review dialogue through which concepts will be refined. Metaphor analysis and fantasy theme analysis can best complement the data collected from the focus groups interviews. Metaphor analysis will allow researchers to investigate into participants figures of speech in a word or phrase that denotes one object to another, while fantasy theme analysis allows participants to interact between one another and share stories and experiences (Frey, et al 2000, pp.285).The questionnaires will be content-analysed and compared against a pretested list of spectacular points that had been identified for each advertisement.The research will be compiled into an informal structure report written by the researchers in first-person singular voice, which signifies rhetorical assumption of naturalistic paradigm (Frey, et al 2000, pp.20).Every participant will be treated as a unit of analysis in analytic strategy to consider the participants behaviours, attitudes, perception and cognitive process.5.0 TimelineThe proposed timeline of research is as belowhebdomad 1Selecting Respondents Or Target ParticipantsWeek 2Setting the environment for focus groupsWeek 3Conducting Focus Group InterviewsWeek 4Conducting Focus Group InterviewsWeek 5Collection of DataWeek 6Compiling Of Data and Transfer Data Into TranscriptsWeek 7Analysis Of DataWeek 8Compilation of bailiwickWeek 9Compilation Of Report6.0 ConclusionThe proposed study has important social implications that can provide advertisers and advertising agencies with more concrete and overwhelming findings to help overcome the issues that are threatening the effects and impacts of advertising on individuals. Hence, the study can result in advertisers creating ethical, efficient and effective advertisements that can influence and persuade individuals with motivational messages that affect emotional appeals positively.7.0 ReferencesBelch, G. E. Belch, M. A. 2004, Advertising and Promotion An Integrated Marketing Communication Perspective, 6th edn, McGraw Hill, Singapore.Frey, L., Botan, C. Kreps, G. 2000, investigate Communication An Introduction to Research Methods, 2nd edn, Allyn Bacon, Needham Heights, MA.Gunter, B., Furnham, A. Pappa, E. 2005, Effects of television violence on memory for violent and nonviolent advertising, J ournal of Applied Social Psychology, vol 35, no. 8, pp. 1680 97.Halliwell, E., Dittmar, H. Howe, J. 2005, The impact of advertisements featuring ultra-thin or average-size models on women with a recital of eating disorders, Journal of Community Applied Social Psychology, vol 15, pp. 406 13.Jacoby, J. Hoyer, H. W. 2002, Viewer miscomprehension of televised communication Selected findings, Advertising Social Review, viewed 16 October 2009,http//muse.jhu.edu.ezproxy.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/advertising_and_society_review/v001/1.1jacoby.htmlRosbergen, E., Pieters, R. Wedel, M. 1997, Visual attention to advertising A segment level analysis, Journal of Consumer Research, vol 24, pp. 305 -15.Wells, W., Burnett, J. Moriarty, S. 2003, Advertising Principles and Practice, 6th edn, learner Hall, New Jersey.Williams, P. Drolet, A. 2005, Age related differences in responses to emotional advertisements, Journal of Consumer Research, vol.32, pp. 343 55.